An Examination of the Jurisprudential Documents on the Condition of Equal-ity of Place in Qisas of Tooth

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

1 Assistant Professor, Department of Jurisprudence and Law, Bozorgmehr Ghaenat Universi-ty, Ghaenat, Iran.

2 M. A. in Jurisprudence and Law, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran.

3 Professor of the Department of Jurisprudence and Principles of Islamic Law, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran.

Abstract

According to the generalities and absolutes of jurisprudential arguments, the tooth has also Qisas (can be retaliated) like other parts of the human body. However, equality or inequality of place in qisas of teeth has been the subject of controversy among Imamiyah jurists. On the one hand, most of jurists believe that in case a person's tooth is pulled out as a result of a crime, equality in place is a condition for proving qisas, and on the other hand, few jurists do not consider equality in place as a condition for proving qisas and without paying attention to the need for equality in place, they have considered the mere existence of an example to be sufficient. Most of the arguments in proving their claim are referring to the verse "al-Sin bi al-Sin " which means a tooth for a tooth,  (Surah Ma'idah, 45) and some narrations, as well as relying on consensus of the jurists. The present study, after examining the arguments presented, has concluded that the jurists' reliance to the previously mentioned verse is incomplete. Contrary to their reliance, the referring to the above verse confirms the unpopular views of jurists. The referred narration also has weakness of the document and the claimed consensus is also subject to evidence. Therefore, the present paper proves the unpopular view by rejecting the arguments of most jurists, generalities, and absolutes in the issue.

Keywords

References

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History

  • Receive Date: 08 June 2020
  • Revise Date: 13 January 2021
  • Accept Date: 25 January 2021

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