An Analysis of the Views of Prominent Jurists on the Transmission of Impurity to Added Water and Large Quantities of Liquids Contacting Impurity

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

1 Khuzestan Seminary

2 Sisters seminary

10.22081/jf.2025.70028.2848

Abstract

With advancements in science and technology, the use of large quantities of liquid—such as industrial containers for liquid dairy products, beverages, plant extracts, liquid cosmetics, detergents, etc.—has significantly increased. The transmission of impurity (najāsa) in such cases can lead to considerable economic losses. Therefore, answering the question of whether impurity spreads throughout added water (māʾ muḍāf) and large volumes of liquid upon contact with najāsa is of significant importance. This article, by presenting arguments for non-transmission, contends that the narrations on impurity transmission do not apply to large volumes of liquid due to the specific and limited nature of their subjects. Moreover, the narrations are primarily concerned with small quantities of liquid. Based on this, the non-transmission of impurity in large quantities of liquid is established. The principle of purity (qaʿidat al-ṭahāra) and its continuity (via istishāb) are also applied to affirm the purity of large volumes of liquid that come into contact with impurity. This study, conducted using a descriptive-analytical method and based on library research, concludes that impurity does not spread throughout large quantities of liquid, and such liquids remain pure.
 

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