The Element of Maslaha as the Origin of Formulating the Theory of Social Security with an Emphasis on the Views of Imam Khomeini

Document Type : Original Article

Author

Assistant Professor of Shahid Mahalati College

Abstract

Social security is one of the essential needs of human beings. A person’s life within society, their attainment of perfection, growth, success, and access to various rights are all contingent upon social security, which in turn means the reduction or absence of societal threats and harms. The science of security has attracted attention since the advent of Islam, and security jurisprudence in Shia Imamiyyah jurisprudence has been profoundly influenced by elements such as maslaha (expediency or public interest), which holds a unique and pivotal position. This study, using library resources and a descriptive-analytical method, explores how the jurisprudential element of maslaha contributes to the development of a theory of social security in Islamic jurisprudence. By emphasizing the views of Imam Khomeini, the study demonstrates that this critical element is capable of underpinning the development of a jurisprudential theory of security. It also examines the applications of different types of maslaha in deriving rulings related to security jurisprudence. The findings suggest that both traditional (state-centered and power-centered) and modern (society-centered and identity-centered) approaches in social security highlight the role of maslaha in the inference and formulation of theory. Security, in addition to its intra-jurisprudential dimensions, also has extra-jurisprudential aspects. Imam Khomeini addressed this issue in areas such as public security, regime security, leadership security, and the security objectives of the government. A localized theory of social security can be extracted from the following jurisprudential topics: external supervisory bodies and the enjoining of good and forbidding of evil, jurisprudence of religious propagation (fiqh al-da‘wah), the principle of advising the leaders of Muslims (al-nasihah li-a'immat al-muslimin), consultation in politics and governance, the principle of preserving the Islamic system, the intelligence institution, and the principle of cooperation. Imam Khomeini's method in presenting a jurisprudential theory of security is rooted in Jawahiri fiqh and is characterized by a direct connection between jurisprudence, public interests, and social security

Keywords

Main Subjects

References

* The Holy Quran
** Nahj al-Balagha
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  • Receive Date: 02 September 2024
  • Revise Date: 15 January 2025
  • Accept Date: 14 April 2025

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