A Jurisprudential and Legal Study of the Feasibility of Referring to and Deviating (Udoul) from the Contract Termination

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

Assistant Professor, Faculty of Islamic Jurisprudence and Private Law, Shahid Motahari University, Tehran, Iran.

Abstract

Recourse from contract termination refers to the ability of a person who terminates a contract to subsequently regret their decision and revoke the termination, thereby reinstating the contract. This research, conducted through an analytical-descriptive method and relying on library sources, explores the nature of the right to terminate and its distinction from the right of recourse from termination. To establish the prohibition of such recourse, even if it may be supported with caution, this study cites principles such as "what is void cannot be revived," "the prohibition of benefiting from void property," "dominion," "the disappearance of the effects of termination after its establishment," and, most importantly, the principle of "the primacy of necessity in contracts." Additionally, it argues against the existence of valid reasons for allowing recourse from the right to terminate, while critically examining opposing arguments. It is suggested that recourse (revocation) from contract termination presents both jurisprudential and legal challenges, leading to practical complications and increased disorder in contracts, resulting in an escalation of lawsuits, as well as certain societal costs.

Keywords

Main Subjects

References

* Holy Quran
1.    Aghayi, A. (1391 AP). The Possibility of Recourse from Arbitration in Iranian and Egyptian Law. Tabriz: n.p. [In Persian]
2.    Ahmadvand, K., & Jalilian, S. (1399 AP). The nature of referring to witnessing and its consequences. Ganun Yar Journal, 4(16), pp. 407-418. [In Persian]
3.    Al-Kashaf al-Ghata', M. S. (1359 AP). Tahreer al-Majaleh (Vol. 1). Tehran: Maktabat al-Najah. [In Arabic]
4.    Alsan, M., Najafizadeh, L., Hosseini Ashlaghi, M. M., & Sabouri, H. (1395 AP). Foundations of Contract Termination in Imamiah Jurisprudence and Iranian Law. Judgment, 16(88), pp. 73-89. [In Persian]
5.    Amirkhani, S., & Bagheri, A. (1396 AP). Feasibility of Iqala problem in Iqa'at. Journal of Fiqh, 24(91), pp. 33-55. [In Persian]
6.    Amirkhani, Sh., & Bagheri, A. (1396 AP). Feasibility Study of Arbitration in Contracts. Fiqh Quarterly, 24(91), pp. 33-56. [In Persian]
7.    Ansari, M. (1415 AH). Al-Makaseb (Vols. 2 & 5). Qom: Congress of Sheikh Morteza Ansari. [In Arabic]
8.    Ansari, M., & Taheri, M. A. (1388 AP). Encyclopedia of Private Law (Vol. 3). Tehran: Jangal-e-Javedaneh. [In Persian]
9.    Bahussein, Y. (1432 AH). Al-Mufassal fi al-Qawa'id al-Fiqhiyyah. Cairo: Dar al-Tadmuriyyah, Dar Ibn Hazm. [In Arabic]
10.    Buhtī, M. (1423 AH). Kashaf al-Qina' 'an Matn al-Iqna' (Vol. 2). Riyadh: Dār 'Ālam al-Kutub. [In Arabic]
11.    Dehkhoda, A. A. (1377 AP). Dehkhoda Dictionary (Vol. 1). Tehran: Tehran University Press and Publications Institute. [In Persian]
12.    Hashemi Shahroodi, M. (1432 AH). Mawsu'at al-Fiqh al-Islami al-Muqaran. Qom: Institute of Islamic Jurisprudence According to the School of Ahl al-Bayt. [In Arabic]
13.    Haydar, A. (1411 AH). Durar al-Hukkām fī Sharḥ Majallah al-Ahkām (Vol. 1). Beirut: Dār al-Jīl. [In Arabic]
14.    Husainī, M .A. (1417 AH). Al-'Anāwīn al-Fiqhīyah (Vol. 2). Qom: al-Islāmī al-Tābi'ah li-Jamā'at al-Mudarrisīn Institution. [In Arabic]
15.    Husainī, S. J. (1226 AH). Miftāḥ al-Karāmah fī Sharḥ Qawā'id al-'Allāmah lil-Faqīh (Vol. 4). Qom: Islamic Publication Institution. [In Arabic]
16.    Ibn Najim, Z. (n.d.). Al-Bahr al-Ra'iq Sharh Kanz al-Daqaiq (Vol. 6). n.p: Al-Matabi'ah al-'Ilmiyah. [In Arabic]
17.    Imami, H. (1366 AP). Civil Rights (Vol. 1). Tehran: Eslamic Bookstore. [In Persian]
18.    Jafarī Langarudi, M. J. (1394 AP). Terminology of Law (Vol. 4). Tehran: Ganj-e-Dānesh. [In Persian]
19.    Jafarī Langarudi, M. J. (1395 AP). Theory of Balance. Tehran: Ganj-e-Dānesh. [In Persian]
20.    Jandī, Kh. (1404 AH). Sharḥ Munḥ al-Jalīl 'alá Mukhtaṣar al-'Allāmah Khalīl (Vol. 2). Beirut: Dār al-Fikr. [In Arabic]
21.    Katozian, N. (1389 AP). Family Law (Vol. 1). Tehran: Mizan. [In Persian]
22.    Katozian, N. (1397 AP). General Principles of Contracts (Vol. 5). Tehran: Ganj-e Danesh. [In Persia]
23.    Katozian, N. (1401 AH). Legal Actions (Contracts and Obligations). Tehran: Ganj-e Danesh. [In Persian]
24.    Katozian, N. (n.d.). Civil Law. Tehran: Mizan. [In Persian]
25.    Khomeini, R. (1421 AH). Kitāb al-Bay' (Vol. 4). Tehran: Institution for the Compilation and Publication of Imam Khomeini's Works. [In Arabic]
26.    Khosravi, H., Haji Azizi, B., & Niazi, Q. (1395 AP). The nature of reference and its distinction from similar concepts. Fiqh and Islamic Law Studies, 8(15), pp. 147-174. [In Persian]
27.    Khoyi, S. A. (1410 AH). Minhaj al-Salihin (Vol. 6). Qom: Madinat al-Ilm. [In Arabic]
28.    Khoyi, S. A. (1417 AH). Masbah al-Fiqahah fi al-Mu'amalat (Vol. 6). Qom: Ansarian. [In Arabic]
29.    Mamqani, M. (1350 AP). Nahayat al-Maqal fi Takmilah Ghayat al-Amal. Qom: Majma' al-Dhakha'ir al-Islamiyyah. [In Arabic]
30.    Motahhari, M. (1376 AP). Majmu'ah Asar (Vol. 6). Tehran: Sadra. [In Persian]
31.    Mousavi Bojnourdi, S. H. (1377 AP). Al-Qawa'id al-Fiqhiyyah (Vol. 5). Qom: al-Hadi. [In Arabic]
32.    Muhaqqiq Thani, A. (1414 AH). Jame' al-Maqasid fi Sharh al-Qawa'id (Vol. 4). Qom: Aal-al Bayt. [In Arabic]
33.    Najafi, M. H. (1362 AP). Jawahir al-Kalam fi Sharh Sharai al-Islam (Vols. 28 &32). Beirut: Dar al-Ihya al-Turath al-Arabi. [In Arabic]
34.    Sabhani Tabrizi, J. (1423 AH). Brief Studies on Options and Conditions. Qom: Al-Markaz al-Alami lil-Dirasat al-Islamiyah. [In Arabic]
35.    Sabzevari, S. A. (1413 AH). Muhadhdhab al-Ahkam fi Bayan al-Halal wa al-Haram (Vol. 7). Qom: Al-Minar. [In Arabic]
36.    Sadeghi Moghadam, M. H., & Mirjalili, M. M. (1396 AP). Types of references from wills in Imamiya jurisprudence and Iranian law. Journal of Legal Studies of Testimony, 3(5), pp. 5-26. [In Persian]
37.    Salahashour, M. (1388 AP). Principles and Common Rules Governing Contracts and Obligations. Qom: n.p. [In Persian]
38.    Shafi'i, M. I. (n.d.). Al-Umm (Vol. 3). Beirut: Dar al-Ma'rifah. [In Arabic]
39.    Shahid Thani, Z. (1413 AH). Masalik al-Afham ila Tanqih Sharai al-Islam (Vols. 5, 6, 10). Qom: Ma'arif Islamic Foundation. [In Arabic]
40.    Shahidi, S. M. (1398 AP). The Collapse of Obligations (Vol. 5). Tehran: Scientific and Cultural Assembly of Majd. [In Persian]
41.    Shiravi, A. (1383 AP). The Option of Excuse from Surrender in Imamiah Jurisprudence. Articles and Studies, 76(3), pp. 165-185. [In Persian]
42.    Tusi, M. (1387 AP). Al-Mabsut fi Fiqh al-Imamiyah (Vol. 2). Tehran: Al-Maktabah al-Murtadawiyyah li Ihya al-Athar al-Ja'fariyyah. [In Arabic]
43.    Tusi, M. (n.d.). Kitab al-Khilaf (Vol. 1). Qom: Islamic Publishing Institute. [In Arabic]
Fiqh
Volume 30, Issue 0
September 2023
Pages 7-39

Files

History

  • Receive Date: 24 May 2023
  • Revise Date: 24 October 2023
  • Accept Date: 24 October 2023

Share

How to cite

Statistics