Increase in Mehr (Dower) after Marriage from the Perspective of Imamia Jurisprudence

Document Type : Original Article

Author

4th Level, Qom Seminary, Qom, Iran.

Abstract

The possibility or impossibility of increasing the Mehr (dowry) after the marriage contract is one of the challenging issues in Islamic jurisprudence. Some have considered it possible to increase the dowry after the marriage based on some general principles such as the rule of domination, providing some analogies, and contrary answers such as the combination of the ruling with the variability of the Mehr in cases of calculation based on the current rate, which is the most common form of legal rights. On the other hand, some consider dowry as an essential part of a contract and, just as the principle of a contract is not changeable, they do not consider the Mehr to be changeable either. Some have also provided detailed explanations and considered the increase after the contract to be permissible if mentioned as a condition during the contract. In this article, using a descriptive-analytical approach and qualitative method in analyzing the information, the author, while examining the important jurisprudential opinions and arguments in the issue, critiques the opinions and evidence and, relying on the nature of essential contracts, the jurisprudential rules of dowry, the nature of conditions during the contract, the rule of no harm, and the prohibition of deception, has come to five assumptions and in some cases has considered the increase permissible.

Keywords

Main Subjects

References

* Holy Quran
1.    Alusi, M. (1415 AH). Ruh al-Ma'ani fi Tafsir Qur'an al-Azim (Vol. 5). Beirut: Dar al-Kotob al-Ilmiyah. [In Arabic]
2.    Ansari Dezfuli, M. (1410 AH). Kitab al-Makasib (Vol. 13). Qom: Dar al-Kotob. [In Arabic]
3.    Ansari Dezfuli, M. (1415 AH). Kitab al-Makasib (1st ed.). Qom: World Congress Commemorating Sheikh Azam Ansari. [In Arabic]
4.    Azimian, M. (1388 AP). A brief critique of the verdict of the General Administrative Court. 488. Kanun Monthly, (96), 2. [In Persian]
5.    Bahrani, Y. (1405 AH). Al-Hada'iq al-Nadhirah fi Ahkam al-'Itrah al-Tahirah (Vol. 5). Qom: Islamic Publishing Office. [In Arabic]
6.    Bojnurdi, H. (1419 AH). Al-Qawa'id al-Fiqhiyah (Vol. 1). Qom: Al-Hadi. [In Arabic]
7.    Fakhr Razi, A. M. (1402 AH). Mafatih al-Ghayb (Vol. 10). Beirut: Dar Ihya al-Turath al-Arabi. [In Arabic]
8.    Fazel Meqdad, M. (1403 AH). Nazd al-Qawa'id al-Fiqhiyyah 'ala Madhhab al-Imamiyah. Qom: Publication of Marashi Najafi Library. [In Arabic]
9.    Ghabouli Derafshan, M. M. (1397 AP). Increase of Mehr after marriage contract in Islamic schools of jurisprudence and Iranian law. Comparative Jurisprudence Quarterly, 6(12), pp. 183-211. [In Persian]
10.    Hashemnejad, Z., & Gholampour, M. R. (1394 AP). A jurisprudential and legal study of the modification of Mehr. Fiqh and History of Civilization, 1(4), pp. 136-156. [In Persian]
11.    Ibn Idris, M. (1410 AH). Al-Sarair al-Hawi li Tahrir al-Fatawa (Vol. 2). Qom: Islamic Publishing Office. [In Arabic]
12.    Kelini, A. M. (1408 AH). Al-Kafi (Vol. 7). Tehran: Dar al-Kutub al-Islamiyah. [In Arabic]
13.    Khomeini, R. (1421 AH). Kitab al-Buyu' Tehran: Institute for Compilation and Publication of Imam Khomeini's Works. [In Persian]
14.    Makarem Shirazi, N. (1374 AP). Tafsir-e Nemouneh (Vol. 5). Tehran: Dar al-Kotob al-Islamiyah. [In Persian]
15.    Mardawi, A. (1376 AH). Al-Inṣāf fī Ma'rifat al-Rājih min al-Khilaf. Beirut: Dar Ihya al-Turath al-Arabi. [In Arabic]
16.    Mohaqeq Damad, M., & Khanlari Behnemiri, H. (1386 AP). A jurisprudential and legal study of women's right to Mehr. Judicial Law Views Quarterly, (42-43), pp. 127-158. [In Persian]
17.    Mohaqeq Damad, M. (1390 AP). The theory of conditions and obligations in Islamic law. Tehran: Center for Islamic Law Publishing. [In Persian]
18.    Mohaqeq Helli, N. (1408 AH). Sharayi' al-Islam fi Masa'il al-Halal wa al-Haram (4th ed., Vol. 2). Qom: Ismailian. [In Arabic]
19.    Musavi Golpayegani, M. (1409 AH). Majma' al-Masael. Qom: Dar al-Quran al-Karim. [In Persian]
20.    Najafi, M. H. (1404 AH). Jawahir al-Kalam fi Sharh Sharayi' al-Islam (Vol. 31). Beirut: Dar Ihya al-Turath al-Arabi. [In Arabic]
21.    Seyyed Morteza, A. (1415 AH). Al-Intisar fi Infiradat al-Imamiyah. Qom: Islamic Publishing Office. [In Arabic]
22.    Shobeyri Zanjani, M. (1419 AH). Kitab al-Nikah. Qom: Ray-e-Pardaz Research Institute [In Arabic]
23.    Shokri, F. (1390 AP). Afzayesh-e-Mahr-e-Dowry in the Iranian Legal System. Nedaye-Sadegh, 16(54), pp. 77-98. [In Persian]
24.    Tabatabai Yazdi, M.K. (1409 AH). Al-'Urwah al-Wuthqa. Beirut: Mawsuat al-'Alami lil-Matbu'at. [In Arabic]
25.    Tabatabai, M. H. (1417 AH). Al-Mizan fi Tafsir al-Qur'an. Qom: Islamic Publishing Office. [In Persian]
26.    Tabrizi, J. (n.d.). Estefatat Jadid (Vol. 2). Qom: n.p. [In Arabic]
27.    Tusi, M. (1390 AH). Al-Istibsar fi ma Ikhtalafa min al-Akhbar (Vol. 3). Tehran: Dar al-Kotob al-Islamiyah. [In Persian]
28.    Tusi, M. (1387 AH). Al-Mabsut fi Fiqh al-Imamiyah. Tehran: Maktabah al-Murtadawiyyah li Ihyae al-Athar al-Ja'fariyah. [In Persian]
Fiqh
Volume 30, Issue 0
July 2023
Pages 126-152

Files

History

  • Receive Date: 21 July 2020
  • Revise Date: 25 February 2023
  • Accept Date: 15 July 2023

Share

How to cite

Statistics