Continuous or Immediate Contract of Renting Objects and Its Effects

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

1 Professor of Farabi Faculties, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.

2 PhD student of private law, Farabi Faculties, Tehran University, Tehran, Iran.

3 PhD student of Fiqh and Fundamentals of Islamic Law, Farabi Faculties, Tehran University, Tehran, Iran.

4 Associate Professor, Farabi Faculties, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.

Abstract

One of the divisions of contract in Imamiyah jurisprudence and Iranian law is covenant or possession, which is divided into continuous and immediate by considering the time in the definition of contract. A continuous contract is a covenant contract that is opposed to an immediate contract and its fulfillment becomes possible with the passage of time. The difference between continuous and immediate contract is in the covenant or possession nature of the contract and the relationship between the subject of the contract and the element of time. In the laws of some western countries, the contract of renting is considered as a covenant that the contract itself and the obligation resulting from it is continuous, but in the laws of Iran, based on Imamiyah jurisprudence, this contract is a possession contract. This article evaluates the concept of continuous and immediate contract in Imamiyah jurisprudence and the laws of Iran and other countries with a descriptive-analytical method. The result of the present article is that due to the lack of jurisprudential background for the existence of a continuous contract and according to the definition of the Imamiyah jurists and civil law of the contract of renting, the element of time has been considered in the contract of renting. In addition, based on the result according to the third paragraph of the article 490 of Civil Law, the authors believe that the contract of renting is immediate. The most important effect of immediacy is the possibility of lien in this contract, because in continuous contracts, due to the fact that the performance of the resulting obligation over time is not the same as the compensation received by the obligee, it cannot be assumed that there is a lien in continuous contracts.

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References

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Fiqh
Volume 30, Issue 0
March 2023
Pages 36-64

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History

  • Receive Date: 18 November 2022
  • Revise Date: 28 January 2023
  • Accept Date: 27 March 2023

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