Explaining the Concept of Loan Interest and Usury, with Emphasis on Juris-prudential Analysis of "Extreme"

Document Type : Original Article

Author

Associate professor, department of economics, Imam Khomeini Educational-Research Institute.

Abstract

Based on the viewpoints of classics, Böhm-Bawerk, Fischer and many other theorists, the extreme interest is under the condition of the loan contract. In other words, there are three categories of "extreme", "conditional" and "loan contract" in the definition of interest. The same definition for the above-mentioned categories also applies to the loan usury. Extreme may be conditional, non-conditional and the conditional extreme can be physical and valuable and each of them has a category that has about 23 forms. The main question is "what is the meaning of conditional extreme in the loan contract and what is the criterion for the extreme to be as usury?" Does it include all the 23 items or not? The hypothesis of the study, proven by the method of "deducing Islamic economic theory", is that in financial issues, extreme means "financial attachment to property" or "the added property". Property is the goods or economic services that have a market and thus a price. Extreme in property means financial interest realized by value and physical extreme. The verses and narratives of the usury relate to "financial interest". Therefore, the criterion in extreme is the financial interest and the meaning of conditional in the loan contract is the obligation in the loan contract.

Keywords

References

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History

  • Receive Date: 16 September 2019
  • Revise Date: 18 March 2020
  • Accept Date: 04 April 2020

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